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基因治疗的关键是选择合适的基因载体使目的基因在靶细胞中能够获得安全、稳定、高效、可控的表达,目前用于基因治疗的载体大致分为病毒载体和非病毒载体两类[1]。病毒载体转染效率高,但存在严重的安全问题(具有细胞毒性、免疫原性、潜在的致瘤性),且目的基因容量小、制备复杂、成本高等缺点一直制约着该类载体的发展[1-2];非病毒载体具有低毒、低免疫反应、外源基因整合率低、携带基因大小类型不受限制,以及使用简单、制备方便、便于保存和检验等优点,已成为基因治疗和药物治疗肿瘤研究中的热点[3-4],脂质体作为(liposome)一种新型的非病毒载体,在基因和药物传递方面呈现出显著优势。
Gene therapy is the key to select the appropriate gene vector so that the target gene in the target cell can be safe, stable, efficient and controllable expression, currently used for gene therapy vectors can be divided into two types of viral vectors and non-viral vectors [1 ]. Viral vectors have high transfection efficiency, but have serious safety problems (cytotoxicity, immunogenicity, potential tumorigenicity), and the shortcomings of low target gene capacity, complicated preparation and high cost have always restricted the development of such vectors [ 1-2]; non-viral vectors with low toxicity, low immune response, foreign gene integration rate is low, carrying gene size and type is not limited, and the use of simple, easy preparation, easy to save and test, etc., has become a gene therapy and Drug therapy in cancer research hotspots [3-4], liposome liposome as a new non-viral vector, in gene and drug delivery showed a significant advantage.