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目的了解275例居家不出人群的自然转归情况、一般状况和心理健康情况,探讨影响居家不出转归的因素。方法2006年,本研究组对唐山市5个社区1475名老年人进行居家不出相关调查研究,2012年采用一般状况调查表、健康自评、孤独自评、老年抑郁评价量表简本(GDS-15)等对275例居家不出者进行随访。结果 2006年确定为居家不出的275例老年人中189人得到随访,随访时间间隔(72.3±0.6)个月,42人(22.2%)已出现卧床,62名(32.2%)老年人仍然为居家不出状态,另85人(45.6%)转为非居家不出状态;对居家不出与非居家不出两组人群一般状况进行比较,年龄(t=3.050,P<0.05)、配偶(t=5.878,P<0.05)、住房层次(χ2=20.304,P<0.05)、经济收入(t=6.906,P<0.05)、与子女的关系(χ2=6.250,P<0.05)、与子女见面次数(χ2=10.402,P<0.05)方面差异有统计学意义;对两组人群心理健康状况进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论居家不出老年人卧床发生率高。居家不出状态有一定的可逆性,其中住房层次低、有配偶、经济收入高、与子女的关系好及见面次数频繁促进老年人由居家不出状态向非居家不出状态转化;心理健康状况同样影响老年人居家不出的转归。
Objective To understand the natural outcome, general condition and mental health status of 275 cases of out-of-home population, and to explore the factors that affect home without outcome. Methods In 2006, the research team conducted a survey on 1475 elderly people in 5 communities in Tangshan City. In 2012, the survey was conducted using general condition questionnaire, health self-assessment, loneliness self-assessment, Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS -15) and other 275 cases of at home were not followed up. Results A total of 189 out of 275 seniors who did not come out of home in 2006 were followed up for 72.3 ± 0.6 months, 42 (22.2%) were bedridden and 62 (32.2%) were still (45.6%) turned non-homeless; the average age of the two groups (t = 3.050, P <0.05) (χ2 = 6.250, P <0.05), the level of housing (χ2 = 20.304, P <0.05), economic income (t = 6.906, P <0.05) (Χ2 = 10.402, P <0.05). There was a significant difference in mental health status between the two groups (P <0.01). Conclusion There is a high incidence of bed rest in the elderly at home. Homelessness has a certain degree of reversibility, including low-level housing, spouses, high economic income, good relations with their children and the frequency of meetings frequently promote the elderly from non-home out of state to non-home out of state conversion; mental health status The same impact on the elderly home is not the outcome.