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稻田干湿交替通过调节水稻生理活性特别是根系活性提高水稻产量,同时对减少温室气体排放,提高水分利用率,改善土壤通气状况,调节田间小气候有重要作用,是实现节水高产的重要技术措施。综述了稻田干湿交替灌溉的生理生态基础及其对水稻植株地上部分和根系生理特性、产量和品质、温室气体排放及土壤碳、氮矿化等的影响,并对稻田干湿交替实施中存在的问题及研究中应当关注的问题进行了探讨,以期为农业的可持续发展提供参考。
Alternating wetting and drying of paddy rice can improve rice yield by regulating physiological activities of rice, especially root activity, and it plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing water use efficiency, improving soil aeration and regulating microclimates in the field. It is an important technical measure to achieve high water saving and high yield . Physiological and ecological basis of alternation irrigation under wetting and dry conditions in paddy field and its effects on physiological characteristics, yield and quality of above-ground and root systems, greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization in paddy fields were summarized. And the problems that should be paid attention to in the research, with a view to provide a reference for the sustainable development of agriculture.