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中师物理中“空气的湿度”一节,内容较少,疑难颇多,学生往往感到抽象、枯燥。那么,怎样在教学中激发兴趣、培养能力呢?笔者根据自己的教学体会,提出几点浅见。一、提出疑难问题,启发学生自己解疑。课文指出:“在一般室温范围内,1立方米空气里含有水汽质量的克数,跟水汽压强的毫米汞柱的数值近似相等”。怎么得出的?我让学生从理论上加以证明。首先,我提示学生可以把水汽近似视为理想气体,让他们自己动手推导出水汽压强p和水汽密度ρ的关系式;p=RTρ/μ。
The “Air Humidity” section in the division’s physics is less content and more difficult. Students often feel abstract and boring. So, how to stimulate interest and cultivate ability in teaching? According to my own teaching experience, the author puts forward a few points. First, ask difficult questions and inspire students to solve their own doubts. The text states: “In the general room temperature range, 1 cubic meter of air contains grams of water vapor, which is approximately equal to the value of millimeters of mercury vapor pressure.” How do I get it? I let students prove it theoretically. First of all, I suggest that students can regard water vapor approximation as an ideal gas, and let them manually derive the relationship between vapor pressure p and water vapor density ρ; p=RTρ/μ.