目的　了解湖北省嗜人按蚊分布区的自然环境和社会经济环境。方法　在嗜人按蚊分布区按不同地形随机抽查 5 %的村组进行调查。结果　嗜人按蚊分布区植被为树林、灌木、草皮、农作物等 ,河流、沟渠、池塘密布 ,水 pH为 6 .1～ 7.7。土质为黄、黄棕、灰、黑土 4种 ,土壤有机物 2 .72 %。农业种植单、双季稻。 5种杀虫剂用量0 .82 8kg/亩。年均气温 16 .9℃、年均湿度 76 .9%。嗜人按蚊繁殖期为 6～ 9月份 ,其高峰在单季稻区 1个 ,双季稻区 2个。它栖息人房、牛栏、猪栏内各占场所构成比依次为 80 .9%、12 .2 %和 6 .0 %。结论　嗜人按蚊在低山、丘陵岗地、浅丘平畈区呈点、片、带状分布 ,分布区植被及水源丰富 ,农作水稻以单季稻为主 ,土质为黄土和黄棕壤土。该蚊主要栖息在人房 Objective To understand the natural environment and socio-economic environment of Anopheles anthropophagus in Hubei Province. Methods In the Anopheles anthropophagus distribution area, randomly selected 5% villages according to different terrain to investigate. Results Anopheles anthropophagus distribution of vegetation for the woods, shrubs, turf, crops, rivers, ditches, ponds, water pH 6 .1 ~ 7.7. Soil is yellow, yellow-brown, gray, black soil 4 species, soil organic matter 2.72%. Agricultural planting single, double cropping rice. The amount of 5 insecticides 0.82 8kg / mu. The average annual temperature of 16.9 ℃, annual average humidity of 76.9%. Anopheles anopheles breeding season from June to September, the peak in a single season rice area, double crop two. Its habitat room, hurdle, pig hut each place constitutes the ratio of 80.9%, 12.2% and 6 .0%. Conclusion Anopheles anthropophagus was distributed in spots, slices and ribbons in low hills, hilly hills and shallow mounds. The vegetation and water resources in the distribution areas were rich. The main crops were single cropping rice with loess and yellow brown soil. The mosquito mainly inhabit the human room