黄河泥沙主要来源于黄河中游黄土高原区。由于强烈的侵蚀作用,这一区域被切割成众多大小不等的沟道流域。一遇暴雨,洪水泥沙通过这些沟道汇入各级支流或直接汇入黄河干流,造成黄河泥沙增加。因此,如何控制沟道流域的洪水泥沙是黄河减沙的关键。实践证明,淤 The Yellow River sediment mainly comes from the Loess Plateau in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Due to the intense erosion, this area is cut into numerous trenches of varying sizes. In case of heavy rainfall, flood and sediment flows into the tributaries at all levels through these channels or directly into the mainstream of the Yellow River, resulting in an increase of sediment in the Yellow River. Therefore, how to control the flood and sediment in the channel basin is the key to sediment reduction in the Yellow River. Practice shows that silt