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通过CCD摄像机对保护箱中的同轴送Nb,Ti,Al混合金属粉的喷嘴出口的粉末汇聚情况和沉积过程的熔池形貌进行了实时观察与分析。根据微粒光散射理论对CCD拍摄的粉末流图像进行分析,得出了不同位置处粉末流的分布模型,并结合实验获取了用于激光沉积的同轴送粉喷嘴到沉积表面的适用距离区间。通过图像处理程序对熔池形貌进行提取,分析了工艺参量对熔池形貌的影响;对多层沉积过程中沉积层的熔池形貌特征、熔池波动现象等进行了较详细的分析探讨。通过系统的观测与分析,深入理解粉末流的汇聚与熔池的实时变动行为,有利于更好地控制激光沉积过程。
The CCD camera was used to observe the powder agglomeration and the shape of the molten pool in the deposition chamber at the nozzle outlet of Nb, Ti and Al mixed metal powder in the protective box. According to the particle light scattering theory, the powder flow image taken by CCD is analyzed, the distribution model of powder flow at different positions is obtained, and the suitable distance range of the coaxial powder feeding nozzle for laser deposition to the deposition surface is obtained by experiments. The morphology of the weld pool was extracted by image processing program, and the influence of process parameters on the morphology of the weld pool was analyzed. The characteristics of the weld pool morphology and the fluctuation of weld pool in the multi-layer deposition process were analyzed in detail Discussion. Through systematic observation and analysis, in-depth understanding of the convergence of the powder flow and the pool’s real-time variation behavior is conducive to better control of the laser deposition process.