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探讨儿童青少年高度近视更合理的防治时机。方法 :观察 76例 147眼之眼轴长度及其与屈光度、年龄及眼底严重损害发生率之间的相关性并分析病变过程中后巩膜葡萄肿、漆裂样纹损害、玻璃体变性及 Fuchs斑等病变之发生与进展。结果 :眼轴长度、屈光度、年龄与眼底严重损害成正相关 ;眼轴在 2 6 mm以下 ,屈光度 8D以下或年龄 10岁以下眼底严重损害发生率很低 ;在眼底损害中 ,后巩膜葡萄肿出现较早 ,发展亦快 ,在眼轴由 2 6 mm增长至 30 mm之全过程中后巩膜葡萄肿发生率均显著增高 ;2 0岁之前眼轴长度、屈光度进展较快 ,但眼底严重损害较少和较轻 ,2 0岁以上者眼轴长度、屈光度进展较缓 ,然眼底严重损害之发生率却显著增高。结论 :及时控制儿童、青少年高度近视之病程进展是眼科临床一项重要措施
Explore children and adolescents a more reasonable prevention and treatment of high myopia. Methods: The axial length of 76 eyes (147 eyes) and their correlations with diopter, age and the incidence of severe ocular fundus injury were observed. The posterior staphyloma, lacquered lesion, vitreous degeneration and Fuchs plaque were also analyzed Occurrence and progression of lesions. Results: There was a positive correlation between axial length, refraction and age and severely damaged fundus. The incidence of severe ocular fundus injury was less than 2 6 mm, below 8D or under 10 years old. In the fundus lesions, posterior staphyloma appeared Earlier, the development is fast, the incidence of scleral staphyloma increased significantly in the whole process of axial length from 26 mm to 30 mm. The axial length and refraction before 20 years old progressed rapidly, but the serious retinal damage Less and lighter, 20 years of age axial length, refraction progress more slowly, but the incidence of severe ocular fundus was significantly increased. Conclusion: The timely progress of the control of children and adolescents with high myopia is an important clinical practice in ophthalmology