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研究聚合物和添加剂在拉伸橡胶中的形态。扫描探针显微镜和透射电子显微镜分析结果表明,橡胶在纳米尺度下并不是原以为的“均匀变形”。电子自旋共振仪分析结果表明,橡胶在拉伸状态下其聚合物与填料界面间的大部分聚合物分子链被切断。用13C核磁共振装置研究天然橡胶的伸长形态,发现随着伸长率的减小,大部分分子链的移动都趋于同轴向排列。用能量过滤透射电子显微镜(EFTEM)检测聚合物与填料的内表面,由硅和硫单体图像观察到白炭黑与橡胶分子交联的周围硅烷偶联剂的分布,也看到氧化锌分子颗粒与橡胶分子之间的内表面。这表明硫化物吸收到氧化锌表面。用EFTEM和高角度环暗视扫描透射电子显微镜第1次观察到硫化锌在橡胶分子单体中的纳米级分布图像。这个事实说明交联橡胶具有不均匀的网络结构,从而影响其性能。通过直接的纳米级观测,可以发现橡胶中的纳米结构。
The morphology of the polymers and additives in the stretched rubber was investigated. Scanning probe microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the rubber in the nanometer scale is not the original “uniform deformation ”. Electron spin resonance analysis showed that most of the polymer chains between the polymer and the filler interface were severed when the rubber was stretched. The 13C NMR device was used to study the elongation of natural rubber. It was found that most of the molecular chains tended to be coaxially aligned with decreasing elongation. The inner surface of the polymer and the filler was examined by energy-dispersive transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM), the distribution of the surrounding silane coupling agent in which silica was cross-linked with the rubber molecules was observed from the images of silicon and sulfur monomers, and it was also observed that zinc oxide molecules The inner surface between the particles and the rubber molecules. This shows that sulfide is absorbed onto the zinc oxide surface. The nanoscale distribution images of zinc sulfide in rubber monomer were observed for the first time using EFTEM and high-angle ring-scanning scanning electron microscopy. This fact shows that the cross-linked rubber has an uneven network structure, thereby affecting its performance. Through direct nanoscale observations, nanostructures in rubber can be found.