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中日两国是一衣带水的邻邦。二千多年来的友好往来,使两国有不少相同或近似的地方。以收藏珍品为主旨的古代博物馆在中国和日本都是盛行的,中日两国大约都是在十九世纪六七十年代开始提倡和引进西方近代博物馆。日本的明治维新实现了国家的近代化,近代博物馆也得到发展,明治年间建立了85个馆,大正年间建立了115个馆。而中国维新运动失败,引进西方博物馆的高潮迟至20世纪二三十年代才到来。本文试对中日两国博物馆的历史以及与之相关的博物馆机构设置进行一般性的比较研究。
China and Japan are neighbors in a strip of water. For more than 2,000 years of friendly exchanges, there have been many similarities or similarities between the two countries. The ancient museums featuring the collection of treasures are popular in both China and Japan. Both China and Japan started to advocate and introduce modern western museums in the 1960s and 1970s. The Meiji Restoration of Japan brought about the modernization of the country and the development of modern museums. In the Meiji period, 85 museums were established and 115 museums were established in the Taisho era. The failure of China’s reform movement, the introduction of Western museum climax as late as the twenties and thirties of twentieth Century came. This article tries to make a general comparative study of the history of museums in China and Japan and the related establishment of museums.