一百多年来,马克思新唯物主义的含义一直众说纷纭、争论不休。马克思主义阵营对新唯物主义的含义的三种主要理解——恩格斯晚年的理解、对新唯物主义含义的辩证唯物主义理解和对新唯物主义含义的历史唯物主义理解,都没有能够准确全面地把握新唯物主义的含义。当代中国马克思主义者尽管有相当程度的创新,但主流认识仍然停留于辩证唯物主义的理解。尽管一些非马克思主义的思想家一定程度正确理解了新唯物主义的含义,但误解和曲解是西方思想界的主流。 For over 100 years, the connotation of Marx’s new materialism has been divided and debated. The three major understandings of Marxism camp on the meaning of neo-materialism - Engels’s understanding in his later years, the dialectical materialist understanding of the meaning of neo-materialism and the historical materialism understanding of the meaning of neo-materialism failed to grasp accurately and comprehensively The meaning of new materialism. Despite a considerable degree of innovation, contemporary Chinese Marxists still remain in the understanding of dialectical materialism. Although some non-Marxist thinkers correctly understood the meaning of neo-materialism to a certain extent, misunderstanding and misinterpretation are the mainstream of western intellectual circles.