一、前言近年来,随着建筑气候科研工作的开展,建筑朝向问题在我国已被各方所重视。建筑朝向的根本问题,在于如何根据地区气候特点,把建筑物具有良好朝向以防气侯因素的不利影响,又充分利用其有利作用,为人民生活创造最良好的条件。太阳幅射是影响地区气候的最重要的因素。建筑朝向之所以成为问题,在很大程度上是由于建筑设计时对太阳幅射考虑不够,以致使室内微小气候不良。譬如造成夏热冬冷的不良感觉,以及缺乏足够的日照而无法利用人体必需的紫外线 I. Introduction In recent years, with the development of climate research in buildings, the problem of building orientation has been paid attention by all parties in our country. The fundamental problem of the orientation of the building lies in how best to make the best possible conditions for people’s lives according to the characteristics of the region’s climate, taking the buildings in a good orientation and preventing the adverse effects of climate factors, and making full use of their beneficial effects. Solar radiation is the most important factor affecting the region’s climate. The orientation of the building is a problem, in large part due to insufficient consideration of solar radiation in the design of the building, resulting in poor indoor microclimates. Such as the cold feeling caused by the hot summer and winter, as well as the lack of sufficient sunshine and can not use the necessary UV