运动的车辆要受到纵向力的作用,为了避免车辆、设备和所运送的货物受到损坏,在车辆上采用了缓冲器,其中包括橡胶金属缓冲器。例如,P-2Ⅱ型缓冲器安装在长途运行的新型客车和电动车辆上,而P-4Ⅱ型缓冲器安装在矿山开采中使用的电动牵引机组上。作为结构材料的橡胶,其特点要影响缓冲器的使用性能,因此对橡胶提出了特殊的 Moving vehicles are subject to longitudinal forces. To prevent vehicles, equipment and goods being transported from being damaged, bumpers, including rubber-metal bumpers, are used on the vehicle. For example, P-2 Type II bumpers are installed on new long-haul passenger and electric vehicles while P-4 Type II bumpers are installed on electric traction units used in mines. As a structural material of rubber, its characteristics to affect the buffer performance, so the rubber made a special