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目的了解湖北省郧县规模化家禽养殖场和活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒分布情况,为疫情风险评估提供依据。方法每月采集规模化养殖场(禽笼、禽粪)和活禽市场(禽笼、禽粪、冲洗水、禽内脏)外环境样本,用荧光定量RT-PCR法检测禽流感病毒Flu A、AH5、AH7、AH9、AN1核酸。结果 60份规模化家禽养殖场外环境样本中Flu A、AH5、AH7、AH9、AN1核酸均为阴性。117份活禽市场外环境样本中AH7无检出,Flu A、AH5、、AH9、AN1阳性标本数(检出率)分别是71(60.68%)、7(5.98%)、64(54.70%)、9(7.69%),AH5、AN1同时检出在1、11和12月份。活禽市场不同类型样本中,冲洗水、禽粪、禽笼、禽内脏4类型样本均有Flu A、AH9检出,在冲洗水、禽笼、和禽内脏中同时检出AH5、AN1核酸;不同类型样本Flu A、AH9检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=9.224,P=0.026;χ2=8.918,P=0.030),冲洗水、禽笼、禽内脏Flu A、AH9检出率均高于禽粪(χ2=6.670,P=0.010;χ2=6.223,P=0.013);冲洗水AH5检出率较高(9.52%)。结论郧县人间禽流感疫情发生的主要风险来源于活禽市场H5N1亚型感染。
Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in large-scale poultry farms and live poultry market in Yun County, Hubei Province, and to provide basis for risk assessment of the outbreak. Methods The environmental samples of large-scale farms (poultry cages and poultry manure) and live poultry market (poultry cage, poultry manure, flushing water and poultry offal) were collected monthly. Flu A, AH5, AH7, AH9, AN1 nucleic acids. Results Flu A, AH5, AH7, AH9 and AN1 nucleic acids were negative in the environmental samples of 60 large-scale poultry farms. AH7 was not detected in 117 samples of live poultry market, and the positive rate of Flu A, AH5, AH9 and AN1 was 71 (60.68%), 7 (5.98%), 64 (54.70% , 9 (7.69%), AH5, AN1 were detected at the same time in January, November and December. In different types of samples of live poultry market, Flu A and AH9 were detected in four types of samples of flushing water, poultry manure, bird poultry and poultry offal, and AH5 and AN1 nucleic acids were also detected in flushing water, poultry cages and poultry offal. The detection rates of Flu A and AH9 in different types of samples were statistically significant (χ2 = 9.224, P = 0.026; χ2 = 8.918, P = 0.030) (Χ2 = 6.670, P = 0.010; χ2 = 6.223, P = 0.013). The detection rate of AH5 in washing water was higher (9.52%). Conclusion The main risk of outbreak of human bird flu in Yun County comes from the subtype H5N1 infection in live poultry market.