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目的研究蚌埠医学院第一附属医院老年病科老年病人下呼吸道感染患者痰培养分离细菌的分布特征和耐药性变迁,为临床合理应用抗生素提供有力证据,以降低细菌耐药率及多重耐药菌的产生。方法对2009年1月1日-2010年12月31日该院老年病科患者住院期间所有下呼吸道感染患者晨起痰标本送检培养结果进行筛选,收集痰培养阳性菌株及其药敏试验结果。结果 2009年痰培养细菌分布以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主(53.3%),其次为革兰氏阳性球菌(30%),最后为真菌(16.7%)。2010年细菌分布以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主(42.9%),其次为真菌(38.1%),最后为革兰氏阳性球菌(19.0%)。2009及2010年排名前3位的革兰氏阴性杆菌依次为肺炎克雷白杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希氏菌;而革兰氏阳性球菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、草绿色链球菌及粪肠球菌。结论 2009～2010年的痰培养结果提示革兰氏阴性杆菌在院内感染中占首要位置。2010年真菌感染的几率较2009年有所上升。
Objective To study the distribution characteristics and drug resistance changes of sputum culture bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infection in the elderly patients of geriatrics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College and provide evidence for the rational use of antibiotics in clinics to reduce the rate of bacterial resistance and multiple drug resistance The production of bacteria. Methods From January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2010, all the patients with lower respiratory tract infection in the hospital were selected for screening of sputum samples during the hospitalization period. The positive sputum cultures were collected and their susceptibility test results were collected . Results The bacterial distribution of sputum culture in 2009 was mainly Gram-negative bacilli (53.3%), followed by Gram-positive cocci (30%) and finally fungi (16.7%). Gram-negative bacilli (42.9%) were mainly distributed in 2010, followed by fungi (38.1%) and finally Gram-positive cocci (19.0%). In 2009 and 2010, the top three Gram-negative bacilli were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, while Gram-positive cocci were Staphylococcus aureus, And Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion The results of sputum culture from 2009 to 2010 suggest that Gram-negative bacilli are the most common nosocomial infections. The prevalence of fungal infections in 2010 has risen over 2009.