T细胞是参与适应性免疫应答的重要组分之一,它们通过分泌细胞因子或是直接杀伤靶细胞等发挥免疫学功能。未致敏T细胞在参与免疫应答时,会由初始T细胞活化为效应T细胞,之后则发生凋亡或转化为记忆T细胞。研究表明,T细胞的能量代谢方式与其活化与分化有着紧密的联系。不同分化阶段与不同亚群的T细胞在行使其免疫功能时具有不同的代谢特点,并由相关的信号通路调控。本文就T细胞发育、活化、分化、发挥免疫功能等阶段的代谢调节机制进行了阐述,并探讨了T细胞代谢调节在临床诊断与治疗中的应用。 T cells are involved in an adaptive immune response one of the important components, they through the secretion of cytokines or directly kill target cells and play an immunological function. Non-sensitized T cells are activated by naive T cells to effector T cells when they are involved in an immune response, after which apoptosis or conversion to memory T cells occurs. Studies have shown that T cell energy metabolism and its activation and differentiation are closely linked. T cells in different differentiation stages and different subsets have different metabolic characteristics in exercising their immune function and are regulated by relevant signaling pathways. In this paper, the metabolic regulation mechanisms of T cell development, activation, differentiation, and immune function are described, and the application of T cell metabolic regulation in clinical diagnosis and treatment is also discussed.