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【Abstract】Through introducing the basic theories of the research，in which the distinction between translation teaching and teaching translation，the brief introduction to skopos theory and its influence on translation teaching are explained，this paper aims to probe into the translation teaching under Skopos theory，attempting to find out the effective patterns of translation teaching.
【Key words】translation teaching； Skopos theory
I.Introduction
As the vital link between different people holding different culture from different countries，translation plays a significant role in such fields as international exchanges，information delivery and sharing science and technology.Translation is not only the interchange between different languages but also touches upon many other aspects such as language knowledge，cultural difference，the way of thinking and one’s own experience.
Translation teaching counts for too much in China’s higher education system，and undertakes the heavy responsibilities of fostering high-qualified translation talents.The dominant task of translation teaching is developing students’ ability in translating so as to meet the need of human resource market in the modern society.Many scholars think that students’ foreign language proficiency is interrelated with the constructing of teaching models from teachers and thereby many new challenges and opportunities are brought to the translation in college English teaching.Under this situation，how to conduct the translation teaching becomes a crucial issue that needs urgent solution.
II.Translation Teaching and Teaching Translation
To conduct the in-depth study on translation teaching，it is necessary to know the differences between teaching translation and translation teaching.Zhang Zhuo（2005）quoted the statement from Ladmiral who gives the elaboration on the distinction between“academic translation”and “real translation”： “He thinks that translation as a pedagogical exercise should be distinguished from what might be called real-life translation，which is its own end-purpose.”From the saying，we can see that translation as a pedagogical exercise means“teaching translation” and real-life translation represents“translation teaching”.
The distinction between translation teaching and teaching translation was put forward originally by Jean Delisle who is a famous Canadian translator.He thinks that teaching translation is one of ways for learning languages and making good use of the languages.It is a teaching device of foreign language teaching and it has no purpose itself while the translation teaching takes different purpose.To train the learners to master the translation techniques and theories through lots of practices is the purpose of translation teaching while the teaching translation is to improve learner’s language proficiency.
III.Skopos Theory and Translation Teaching
3.1 Introduction to Skopos Theory
Skopos theory is an approach to translation which was developed in Germany in the late 1970s（Vermeer，1978）.According to the theory，translation is regarded not as the process of transcoding，but as a specific form of translation.Generally，it is considered that translation has a purpose in the action.The word“Skopos”is from Greek and is used as the technical term for the purpose of the translation.
In the Skopos theory，skopos rule，coherence rule and fidelity rule are the three main rules.According to Reiss and Vermeer（1989），the most important rule is the skopos rule which means that every translation action is determined by its skopos.It should be the intended purpose of the target text which determines the translation methods and strategies.As for coherence rule，it stipulates that the target text should be coherent to make the intended users to fully understand it.So in translation the background knowledge and contextual information are important to produce the result.In terms of fidelity rule，it stresses on the inter-textual coherence between target text and source text.
Translation can be seen as the production of a functionally appropriate target text which is based on the source target.The purpose of translation specifies the relationship between the target and source text.In the process of translation，the translator would decide the role of a source text in the human action.Among these influencing factors，the precisely specified skopos is the decisive one and the source text can be seen as one part of the translation task in the whole translation action taken by the translator.In other words，the translator’s action should match the skopos which should be decided separately in each definite case.What’ more，the specific point of translation must be in translators’ mind，and the translator should know that any given purpose is only one among many possible purposes.What is important is that there is no source text which has only one correct or preferable translation product（Vermeer，1989a； 182）.
3.2 Skopos Theory for Translation Teaching
In translation teaching，some methodological principles can be found in the real teaching conducting.So，it is necessary to know the function of translation teaching to look for the solution to the problems existing in translation teaching.Through understanding the theoretical support，the translation teaching can be guided. Translation can be regarded as a communicative act from the perspective of functional approaches to translation.According to Schaffner（1998），translation is conceived“as a process of intercultural communication，whose end product is a text which is functionally appropriate in specific situations and context”.As one of the theories of functionalism，skopos theory is helpful to improve translation teaching.Functionalism accounts for how translators take a certain translation process and make translation decision.The guideline is to use the intended communicative function of the target.According to Colina（2003），in the functionalism way，translators need to account for the function or situational context of the target text to get the end product.The basis of Vermeer’ skopos theory is from the principles of translational action theory.Skopostheorists think that any action has an aim or a purpose，so from this point of view，they assert that translation should be viewed as a form of human action which possesses its own aim depending on the translator，the target culture and the target readers.Vermeer（2000）states that the skopos of a translation is the aim or purpose decided by the commission or the translators.The commission should be the instruction to conduct a given action or task.In translation action，the source text information should be given “by selecting those features which most closely correspond to the requirements of the target situation”.（Shuttleworth
【Key words】translation teaching； Skopos theory
I.Introduction
As the vital link between different people holding different culture from different countries，translation plays a significant role in such fields as international exchanges，information delivery and sharing science and technology.Translation is not only the interchange between different languages but also touches upon many other aspects such as language knowledge，cultural difference，the way of thinking and one’s own experience.
Translation teaching counts for too much in China’s higher education system，and undertakes the heavy responsibilities of fostering high-qualified translation talents.The dominant task of translation teaching is developing students’ ability in translating so as to meet the need of human resource market in the modern society.Many scholars think that students’ foreign language proficiency is interrelated with the constructing of teaching models from teachers and thereby many new challenges and opportunities are brought to the translation in college English teaching.Under this situation，how to conduct the translation teaching becomes a crucial issue that needs urgent solution.
II.Translation Teaching and Teaching Translation
To conduct the in-depth study on translation teaching，it is necessary to know the differences between teaching translation and translation teaching.Zhang Zhuo（2005）quoted the statement from Ladmiral who gives the elaboration on the distinction between“academic translation”and “real translation”： “He thinks that translation as a pedagogical exercise should be distinguished from what might be called real-life translation，which is its own end-purpose.”From the saying，we can see that translation as a pedagogical exercise means“teaching translation” and real-life translation represents“translation teaching”.
The distinction between translation teaching and teaching translation was put forward originally by Jean Delisle who is a famous Canadian translator.He thinks that teaching translation is one of ways for learning languages and making good use of the languages.It is a teaching device of foreign language teaching and it has no purpose itself while the translation teaching takes different purpose.To train the learners to master the translation techniques and theories through lots of practices is the purpose of translation teaching while the teaching translation is to improve learner’s language proficiency.
III.Skopos Theory and Translation Teaching
3.1 Introduction to Skopos Theory
Skopos theory is an approach to translation which was developed in Germany in the late 1970s（Vermeer，1978）.According to the theory，translation is regarded not as the process of transcoding，but as a specific form of translation.Generally，it is considered that translation has a purpose in the action.The word“Skopos”is from Greek and is used as the technical term for the purpose of the translation.
In the Skopos theory，skopos rule，coherence rule and fidelity rule are the three main rules.According to Reiss and Vermeer（1989），the most important rule is the skopos rule which means that every translation action is determined by its skopos.It should be the intended purpose of the target text which determines the translation methods and strategies.As for coherence rule，it stipulates that the target text should be coherent to make the intended users to fully understand it.So in translation the background knowledge and contextual information are important to produce the result.In terms of fidelity rule，it stresses on the inter-textual coherence between target text and source text.
Translation can be seen as the production of a functionally appropriate target text which is based on the source target.The purpose of translation specifies the relationship between the target and source text.In the process of translation，the translator would decide the role of a source text in the human action.Among these influencing factors，the precisely specified skopos is the decisive one and the source text can be seen as one part of the translation task in the whole translation action taken by the translator.In other words，the translator’s action should match the skopos which should be decided separately in each definite case.What’ more，the specific point of translation must be in translators’ mind，and the translator should know that any given purpose is only one among many possible purposes.What is important is that there is no source text which has only one correct or preferable translation product（Vermeer，1989a； 182）.
3.2 Skopos Theory for Translation Teaching
In translation teaching，some methodological principles can be found in the real teaching conducting.So，it is necessary to know the function of translation teaching to look for the solution to the problems existing in translation teaching.Through understanding the theoretical support，the translation teaching can be guided. Translation can be regarded as a communicative act from the perspective of functional approaches to translation.According to Schaffner（1998），translation is conceived“as a process of intercultural communication，whose end product is a text which is functionally appropriate in specific situations and context”.As one of the theories of functionalism，skopos theory is helpful to improve translation teaching.Functionalism accounts for how translators take a certain translation process and make translation decision.The guideline is to use the intended communicative function of the target.According to Colina（2003），in the functionalism way，translators need to account for the function or situational context of the target text to get the end product.The basis of Vermeer’ skopos theory is from the principles of translational action theory.Skopostheorists think that any action has an aim or a purpose，so from this point of view，they assert that translation should be viewed as a form of human action which possesses its own aim depending on the translator，the target culture and the target readers.Vermeer（2000）states that the skopos of a translation is the aim or purpose decided by the commission or the translators.The commission should be the instruction to conduct a given action or task.In translation action，the source text information should be given “by selecting those features which most closely correspond to the requirements of the target situation”.（Shuttleworth