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熔融反应加工是聚合物改性和制备聚合物纳米复合材料的重要途径之一.在此过程中,多数加成聚合物由于受到热、剪切或引发剂作用,通常可原位形成大分子自由基反应中间体.我们系统地研究了如何利用这类大分子自由基调控聚合物分子链的拓扑结构和聚合物纳米复合体系的相结构与界面.然而,某些聚合物大分子自由基,如聚丙烯(PP),受其分子链化学结构决定,在熔融反应条件下非常易于发生降解.研究发现,将可控自由基聚合中调控自由基反应活性的方法应用在熔融反应过程中可以显著抑制PP的降解,促进主反应的发生,在制备长链支化聚合物、调控聚合物纳米复合材料的相结构方面发挥了重要作用.本文介绍了本研究组近几年来通过熔体自由基反应调控PP体系的链结构和相结构的相关研究工作,如实现PP的长链支化,制备高熔体强度PP;在制备PP/C60、PP/碳纳米管(CNTs)纳米复合材料过程中,利用熔体界面区域所发生的自由基反应,提高了纳米粒子与PP的界面相互作用,改善了纳米粒子在PP中的分散状态等.
Melting reaction processing is one of the important ways of polymer modification and preparation of polymer nanocomposites.In this process, most addition polymers can usually form macromolecules free in situ due to the action of heat, shear or initiator We have systematically studied how to utilize such macromolecular free radicals to control the topological structure of polymer chains and the phase structure and interface of polymer nanocomposites.However, some polymer macromolecules such as Polypropylene (PP), which is determined by the chemical structure of its molecular chain, is very susceptible to degradation under the conditions of the melt reaction.It is found that the application of PP in the controllable radical polymerization can significantly inhibit the melting reaction PP degradation and promote the main reaction in the preparation of long-chain branched polymers, polymer nanocomposites regulate the phase structure has played an important role.This paper describes the research group in recent years through the melt free radical reaction regulation PP system chain structure and phase structure of the relevant research work, such as the realization of long-chain PP branching, preparation of high melt strength PP; PP / C60, PP / carbon nanotubes (C NTs) nanocomposites, the use of free radical reaction in the melt interface improves the interfacial interaction between nanoparticles and PP, and improves the dispersion of nanoparticles in PP.