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目的了解老年人生活事件应激水平及其与心理健康状况的相关性。方法 2015年1月1日—2月28日,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,利用课题组自行编制的老年人社会状况调查问卷、症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表、老年人生活事件量表对2 200名≥60岁老年人进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷2 013份。结果山东省2 013名≥60岁老年人生活事件应激得分范围在0~239分,中位数为14.00,四分位数间距为28.00,患有慢性疾病(55.44%)、本人离职退休(31.59%)、本人住院治疗(30.35%)等生活事件发生频率较高;多因素分析结果显示,山东省老年人生活事件应激水平的影响因素包括性别(OR=1.245)、受教育程度(OR=0.659)、婚姻状况(OR=1.786、2.807)、生活自理能力(OR=1.813、1.939)和慢性病种类(OR=2.125~4.810)(均P<0.05);生活事件应激水平得分与老年人SCL-90得分呈正相关(r=0.532,P<0.01),其中家庭相关生活事件(r=0.481,P<0.01)、负性生活事件(r=0.516,P<0.01)与老年人心理健康状况相关性最强。结论性别、受教育程度、婚姻状况、生活自理能力和慢性病种类是老年人生活事件应激水平的主要影响因素,且生活事件应激水平越高老年人心理健康状况越差。
Objective To understand the stress level of life events in the elderly and its relationship with mental health status. Methods From January 1, 2015 to February 28, 2015, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used. The questionnaire of social status of the elderly, Self-rating Symptom Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Incident Scale A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,200 elderly people aged 60 and over, and 2,013 valid questionnaires were recovered. Results The scores of life events in 2 013 ≥60-year-olds in Shandong Province ranged from 0 to 239, with median of 14.00, interquartile range of 28.00, chronic diseases (55.44%), resignation 31.59%). The incidence of life events such as hospitalization (30.35%) was higher in our hospital. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors influencing the stress level of life events in elderly people in Shandong Province were sex (OR = 1.245), education level (OR = 0.659), marital status (OR = 1.786, 2.807), life self-care ability (OR = 1.813,1.939) and chronic diseases (OR = 2.125-4.810) (R = 0.481, P <0.01), negative life events (r = 0.516, P <0.01) and mental health status of the elderly (r = 0.532, P0.01) Most relevant. Conclusions Gender, education level, marital status, self-care ability and chronic diseases are the main influencing factors of the stress level of the life events of the elderly, and the higher the stress level of the life events, the worse the mental health of the elderly.