以15个玉米自交系的56个(8×7)不完全双列杂交组合为试材,对6个茎秆质量性状的配合力和群体遗传参数进行了估算。结果表明:亲本间茎秆质量性状的一般配合力存在明显的差异,亲本自交系的茎秆质量性状表现不同,可同时具备2个或2个以上优异性状。茎秆鲜重、茎秆长、茎抗折断力、茎抗压力和茎粗在遗传上都主要表现为加性效应,狭义遗传力相对较高,茎皮厚度主要表现为非加性效应,狭义遗传力相对较低。 Fifty-six maize (8 × 7) incomplete diallel cross combinations of 15 maize inbred lines were used as materials to evaluate the combining ability and population genetic parameters of 6 culm quality traits. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the general combining ability of the quality traits of the stems among the parents, and the quality traits of the stems of the parental inbred lines were different, which could simultaneously have two or more excellent traits. Stem fresh weight, stem length, stem fracture resistance, stem pressure and stem diameter are genetically additive effects, the narrow sense of heritability is relatively high, stem bark thickness mainly non-additive effect, the narrow sense Heritability is relatively low.