现场调查在临床病因研究中经常用到,要使结果准确可靠,调查前的科研设计是关键,好的设计方案不但可以达到研究目的,还可以事半功倍。文章较全面地阐述了分层随机整群抽样方法,调查问卷的设计思路、提问技巧、细则把握,现场调查的质量控制、实施过程中突发情况的处置办法及主持者的体会等,可供类似研究者参考。 Field investigation is often used in the study of clinical etiology. To make the results accurate and reliable, the pre-investigation scientific research and design are the key points. A good design scheme can not only achieve the research purpose but also can do more with less. The article comprehensively expounds the stratified random cluster sampling method, the design ideas of the questionnaire, question skills, detailed rules, the quality control of field survey, the handling of unexpected situations in the process of implementation and the experience of the host, etc. Similar researchers reference.