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飘尘是长期悬浮在空气中的固体微粒。本文采用金黄地鼠体内短期生物测试系统评价城市飘尘对肺的损伤。给动物气管注入飘尘悬液,经一定时间后灌洗肺,分析灌洗液的细胞及生化组成。动物染毒飘尘后引起以下变化:肺急性炎症——中性白细胞大量局部渗出;肺水肿和肺出血——肺泡腔白蛋白和红细胞大量渗出;肺巨噬细胞吞噬功能下降;肺细胞损伤——不含细胞的灌洗液中胞浆酶(乳酸脱氢酶,LDH)及溶酶体酶(β-N-乙烯葡萄糖酰胺酶、过氧化物酶及弹力蛋白酶)活性增加。LDH和白蛋白是肺损伤的早期和灵敏指标。各项指标均呈剂量-效应关系。
Fly ash is a long-term suspended in the air of solid particles. In this paper, golden hamster short-term bioassay system in vivo assessment of urban dust on the lung damage. To the animal trachea into the floating dust suspension, after a certain period of lavage lung, analysis of lavage fluid cells and biochemical composition. The animals caused the following changes after exposure to fly ash: acute pulmonary inflammation - massive exudation of neutrophils; pulmonary edema and pulmonary hemorrhage - massive exudation of alveolar albumin and erythrocytes; decreased phagocytosis of lung macrophages; - Cytosolic (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) and lysosomal enzymes (β-N-vinylglucosamidase, peroxidase, and elastase) increased in cell-free lavage fluid. LDH and albumin are early and sensitive indicators of lung injury. The indicators were dose-response relationship.