粒细胞——巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF,一种具有广泛造血活性的多向性分子)已经在多种病人组中进行了临床评估,研究表明它能防止和逆转中性粒细胞减少.其副作用与剂量相关,在不同的临床安排下,通常的剂量范围为5一10mg/(kg·d),4～6h内静脉输注或皮下注射.在使用该剂量时,20～30%的病人可出现轻到中度副作用,一般表现为发热、肌痛、乏力、皮疹和注射部位反应.早期临床试验中使用大剂量的GM—CSF时,常常 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, a multi-directional molecule with extensive hematopoietic activity) has been clinically evaluated in various patient groups and studies have shown that it can prevent and reverse neutrophil Reduce its side effects and dose-related, under different clinical arrangements, the usual dose range of 5 to 10mg / (kg · d), 4 ~ 6h intravenous infusion or subcutaneous injection in the use of this dose, 20 to 30 % Of patients may have mild to moderate side effects, usually manifested as fever, myalgia, fatigue, rash and injection site reactions. Early clinical trials using large doses of GM-CSF, often