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通常,符合下列条件之一的职业,将必须经过职业技能鉴定和任职资格考试,合格者才能正式从业: 关系公共利益较大的职业,如公务员、教师等; 国家法规的执行者,如律师、警察等; 责任较大、影响深远的职业,如建筑师、医生等; 社会通用性较强的职业,如驾驶员、电工等; 危险性较大的职业,如消防员、焊接等。 职业技能鉴定和任职资格考试通常由国家劳动人事部门制定考试要求和程序,由地方上的劳动人事部门组织实施。在有些国家,这种鉴定和考试也有由行业协会出面组织和认定,鉴定和考试合格者将获得一个在全国或省市(州)范围内得到广泛认可的证书,凭此证书求职者才有资格应聘相应的职业和工种。
In general, occupations that meet one of the following conditions will have to go through the vocational skills appraisal and qualification examinations before they are able to work: Officials, teachers and other professions with a strong public interest; Law enforcement officials, such as lawyers, Police, etc .; greater responsibility, far-reaching occupations, such as architects, doctors, etc .; social versatility of occupations, such as pilots, electricians; more dangerous occupations such as firefighters, welding and so on. Occupational skill appraisal and qualification examination usually by the national labor and personnel departments to develop examination requirements and procedures, organized by the local labor and personnel departments. In some countries, such accreditation and examinations are also organized and determined by industry associations. Those who pass the examinations and accreditation will receive a certificate that is widely recognized within the country, province, or city (state) and qualify as a job seeker Apply for the corresponding occupation and type of work.