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空间高能带电粒子可导致航天器外露介质深层带电,从而对航天器的可靠运行带来潜在威胁。为了考察介质起电规律和最终评估深层带电危害,基于电荷守恒定律,建立了介质深层带电的数学模型,并通过数值求解,实现了对外露介质深层带电的时域3维仿真分析。该模型综合考虑了介质电导率受辐射剂量率、强电场和温度的影响。对典型的天线支撑介质结构进行仿真,结果表明:地球同步轨道环境下外露介质面临着严重的深层带电与介质击穿放电威胁,环境温度是影响外露介质内带电的关键因素。天线支撑结构的局部数10 MV/m以上强电场和10 KV以上高电压,很可能成为航天器表面放电或关键部位功能失常的诱导因素。
Space-energetic charged particles can cause deep exposure of the spacecraft’s exposed medium, posing a potential threat to the reliable operation of the spacecraft. In order to investigate the law of medium electrification and the final assessment of deep charged hazards, a mathematical model of deep charge of the medium is established based on the law of conservation of charge. By numerical solution, a three-dimensional time-domain simulation of the deep charge of the exposed medium is achieved. The model takes into account the dielectric conductivity is affected by the radiation dose rate, strong electric field and temperature. The simulation results show that the exposed medium under the geosynchronous orbit is facing serious threat of deep charge and dielectric breakdown discharge. Ambient temperature is the key factor that affects the charge in the exposed medium. The local number of antenna support structures with high electric field above 10 MV / m and high voltage above 10 KV may well be the inducing factors of surface discharge or malfunction of key parts of spacecraft.