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众所周知肝素是由不稳定肝素酶形成的稳定的一价或二价盐,是通过已糖醛酸(D-葡糖醛酸和L-艾杜糖醛酸)和由α,1→4糖苷键连接的6-0-和N-硫酸基氨基葡萄糖所形成的双糖单位的聚合物。自从1917年从组织中发现和分离出肝素以来,其抗凝血性质就早已为人们所知。肝素以不同形式存在于许多组织和细胞中,并与蛋白质部分或多或少地松散地结合着。在不同种属动物的皮肤及某些动物的肺中,肝素以高分子量形式存在,其对于抗坏血酸或对于被认为存在于肠粘膜中的某些酶的作用较为敏感。用抗坏血酸或肠粘膜匀浆处理后,这种肺或皮肤肝素的大分子可降至与肠粘膜肝素分
It is well known that heparin is a stable monovalent or divalent salt formed by unstable heparinase and is produced by the reaction of hexuronic acid (D-glucuronic acid and L-iduronic acid) and the α, 1 → 4 glycoside The polymer of disaccharide units formed by the linkage of 6-0- and N-sulfated aminoglycoside. Since the discovery and isolation of heparin from tissues in 1917, its anticoagulant properties have long been known. Heparin is present in many different forms in many tissues and cells and binds more or less loosely to the protein. In the skin of various species of animals and in the lungs of certain animals, heparin is present in high molecular weight forms that are more sensitive to ascorbic acid or to the action of certain enzymes thought to be present in the intestinal mucosa. After treatment with ascorbate or intestinal mucosal homogenate, the macromolecules of this lung or skin heparin can be reduced to those associated with intestinal mucosal heparin