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近年来,众多研究报道了华北平原土壤有机碳具有明确地显著增加的趋势,表现出“碳汇”的效应,但是,华北平原土壤有机碳对气候变化的响应尚未明确。基于已有研究结果的基础上,利用河北平原区多目标区域地球化学调查的20 029个土壤分析数据和河北省各气象站多年年均温度和年降水量资料,采用多元线性回归模型的方法,分析探讨了土壤有机碳密度及其变化量在不同年均温度和年降水量带下对气候变化的响应。结果表明,研究区年均温度变化为0.29℃/10a,年降水变化为-25.99 mm/10a。河北平原区表层土壤有机碳密度为0.18-18.72kg/m2,平均为(2.19±0.78)kg/m2,其空间分布呈由西向东递减的趋势,土壤有机碳储量的变化量为39.17 Mt。相关分析结果表明,温度是河北平原区土壤有机碳密度及其变化量的主控气候因素,但是,其受到降水量的制约。但研究区土壤有机碳及其变化与年均温度、年降水量并不服从简单的依变关系,还存在其他因素的影响,而农业活动很可能就是气候因素之外影响土壤有机碳的重要因素。研究表明,充分考虑到研究区的年均温度和年降水量分带等因素,可以有效地分析大尺度区域范围内的气候因素对土壤有机碳的影响。
In recent years, many studies reported that the soil organic carbon in North China Plain had a clear and significant increase trend, showing the effect of “carbon sink”. However, the response of soil organic carbon to the climate change in the North China Plain was not yet clear. Based on the existing research results, 20 029 soil analysis data of multi-target regional geochemical survey in Hebei plain area and annual average temperature and annual precipitation data of meteorological stations in Hebei Province were used. Analyzed and discussed the response of soil organic carbon density and its variation to climate change under different annual average temperature and annual precipitation. The results showed that the annual average temperature in the study area was 0.29 ℃ / 10a and the annual precipitation was -25.99 mm / 10a. The density of surface soil organic carbon in Hebei Plain was 0.18-18.72kg / m2, with an average of (2.19 ± 0.78) kg / m2. The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon decreased from west to east, and the change of soil organic carbon storage was 39.17 Mt. Correlation analysis shows that temperature is the dominant climate factor of soil organic carbon density and its variation in Hebei plain, but it is restricted by precipitation. However, the relationship between soil organic carbon and its changes and the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in the study area did not obey the simple dependence relationship, and other factors also affected the agricultural activities, which were probably the important factors that affected the soil organic carbon in addition to the climatic factors . The research shows that taking full account of the annual average temperature in the study area and annual precipitation zoning and other factors, we can effectively analyze the impact of climate factors on soil organic carbon in the large-scale area.