目的:了解安徽省铜陵市实施民生工程前后新生儿疾病筛查率的变化情况。方法:收集12家实施民生工程前后助产机构的新生儿疾病筛查登记表,对实施前后的新生儿疾病筛查率进行统计学分析。结果:无论在市区还是县,实施民生工程之后的筛查率均明显高于实施民生工程之前的筛查率(P<0.005)。结论:对不同区域实施民生工程均有利于提高新生儿疾病筛查率。 Objective: To understand the change of neonatal screening rate before and after the implementation of Minsheng Project in Tongling City, Anhui Province. Methods: Twelve newborn disease screening registration forms were collected from the midwifery before and after the implementation of Minsheng Project, and the screening rates of neonatal diseases before and after the implementation were collected for statistical analysis. Results: The screening rates after livelihood projects were significantly higher in both urban and county areas than those before livelihood projects (P <0.005). Conclusion: The implementation of livelihood projects in different regions are conducive to improving screening rates of neonatal diseases.