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抗生素和重金属的广泛使用导致了畜禽粪便中抗生素和重金属的大量残留,堆肥工艺不但可降解残留的抗生素,也能固化重金属.本文以养殖场猪粪为对象,利用中试好氧堆肥反应装置,研究不同金霉素浓度时的猪粪堆肥特性及去除情况[0mg·kg~(-1)(CK)、10 mg·kg~(-1)(T1)和50 mg·kg~(-1)(T2)],同时开展堆肥过程重金属形态变化的研究.结果表明,堆肥结束后,CK组金霉素没有检出,T1和T2组抗生素降解率分别达到96.31%和97.32%,金霉素降解过程符合一级动力学模型.堆肥可以使重金属固化,Cu、Zn元素的生物可利用态(可交换态、可还原态)逐渐转化为生物毒性低的可氧化态与残渣态,Cu、Zn明显钝化.相关性分析表明金霉素的去除与生物可利用态Cu、Zn呈现显著的正相关性.
The widespread use of antibiotics and heavy metals has led to a large amount of antibiotics and heavy metals residues in livestock and poultry excrement.The composting process can not only degrade residual antibiotics but also solidify heavy metals.In this paper, The effects of different concentrations of chlortetracycline on pig manure composting and its removal [0 mg · kg -1 (CK), 10 mg · kg -1 (T 1) and 50 mg · kg -1 ) (T2)] .At the same time, the study on the morphological changes of heavy metals in composting process was carried out.The results showed that after the compost was finished, the chlortetracycline in CK group was not detected, the antibiotic degradation rates in T1 and T2 groups were 96.31% and 97.32% The degradation process accorded with the first-order kinetic model. Composting could solidify heavy metals, and the bioavailable (exchangeable and reducible) of Cu and Zn gradually turned into oxidizable and residual states with low toxicity. Cu and Zn Obvious passivation.The correlation analysis showed that removal of chlortetracycline and bioavailable Cu, Zn showed a significant positive correlation.