研制了一种基于Sagnac干涉仪的分布式光纤传感器,可实时进行管道泄漏检测与定位.阐述了该传感技术的工作原理和泄漏点定位方法,并推导了泄漏引起的光信号相位变化表达式。管道泄漏实验结果表明,水压为0.3MPa时,该技术能有效地检测到管道泄漏的发生并准确定位。 A distributed optical fiber sensor based on Sagnac interferometer was developed for detecting and locating pipeline leak in real time.The working principle of the sensing technique and the method of locating the leak point were described and the expression of the phase change of the optical signal caused by the leak was deduced . Pipeline leakage test results show that the water pressure of 0.3MPa, the technology can effectively detect the occurrence of pipeline leakage and accurate positioning.