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本文通过主成分分析,对40个常用陆地棉亲本进行了遗传距离分析,并采用最短、最长、类平均及重心法等对供试材料进行了系统聚类。主成分分析表明,以产量,重量与比强度、纤维细度、纤维成熟度及衣分为代表的5个主成分累计贡献率可达到91°。以上聚类分析证明,40个供试品种可分5类,最长距离聚类法比较适宜,亲本起源与血缘关系及类型划分无必然联系。亲本必须根据性状表现及主成分值综合选择后,再根据遗传距离进行选择,不宜过分强调遗传距离远(如本研究之Ⅰ/Ⅳ类间杂交)。根据主成分值选配的9个理想亲本为:鲁棉六号、鲁棉四号、邢台6871、岱字16号、PD0113、冀棉八号、冀合3016、徐州514及鄂荆92。
In this paper, the genetic distance analysis was carried out on 40 commonly used upland cotton parents by principal component analysis, and the tested materials were systematically clustered using the shortest, the longest, the average and the center of gravity methods. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the five principal components represented by yield, weight and specific strength, fiber fineness, fiber maturity and clothing percentage can reach 91 °. The above cluster analysis showed that the 40 tested cultivars could be classified into 5 categories, and the longest distance clustering method was suitable. The origin of the parents was not necessarily related to the kinship and type classification. Parents must be based on traits and principal components of the value of a comprehensive choice, and then choose according to the genetic distance, genetic distance should not be too much emphasis on the far (such as Ⅰ / Ⅳ type of hybridization in this study). Nine ideal parents were selected based on the principal component values: Lulian 6, Lumi No.4, Xingtai 6871, Dai Zi 16, PD0113, Jiamu 8, Jihe 3016, Xuzhou 514 and Jing-92.