论文部分内容阅读
阅读理解在高考中占有举足轻重的作用，但是学生在选择主旨题目时，往往漏洞百出，不得要领。实践中，通过分析学生经常出错的题目，进行策略分析，实施了一系列跟踪练习，然后让学生自己结合自身在阅读中出现的问题，训练前和训练后进行对比，他们发现自己的确提高了不少，在阅读理解中正确率提高了50%。具体做法如下：
1. 开门见山式
There are many ways of defining success. It is true that we have our own concept of success to extent that we answers for setting our goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because we possess unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments， it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
Question： What’s the best title？
A. How to achieve success. B. The definition of success.
C. How to get goals. D. The importance of goals.
大部分英语文章都是总分结构，因此抓住了首段也就找到了主旨大意或者题目，新闻报道之类的文章更是如此。从划线句子就找到关键词define和success。当然了，也有总分总结构，一般是首尾呼应，确定主题就简单了。
2.首尾呼应式
首段 Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work，others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying.But the donator who started sending envelopes with money to deserving causes， accompanied by an article from the local paper， has made a northern German city believe in fairytales.
结尾 Henning Noske said： “Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.” However， he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero， for fear that discovery may stop the donations.
Question： What is the best title？
A. Money Is Raised by the newspaper.
B.Newspaper Distributes Money to the Needy.
C.Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes.
从首段和结尾段我们可以找到 C项这个最佳题目。当然，有时候，整篇文章都没有给出总结性的句子，这就需要根据文章的写作意图来确定主旨。
在我们平时做的阅读理解中，我们还经常遇到这样的题目，答案中的干扰项正确，但仔细阅读你会发现它只是一个细节，不能概括全文，但学生在做题的过程中，往往会选上这样的选择项。
3. 细节代替主旨式
A new age is coming. Call it what you will： the service economy， the information age， the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work.
Question： Which can be the best title？
A. Communication and Knowledge Industry.
B. Service Industry in modern society.
C. Characteristics of the New Age.
选项中的communication， knowledge ， service 和 information technology都提到了，但都是细节，因此能够概括全文的是C项。
当然，只掌握方法而缺乏大量的练习是没有用的，在我们平时的教学中，善于给学生总结方法，然后辅之大量的练习，让学生在理论的指导下再去做题而不是盲目乱猜，效果会更加明显。
参考文献
[1] 张广兵，肖平. 影响英语阅读能力因素及对策[J]. 中学外语教与学， 2012（07）.
[2] 刘惠英. 中学英语阅读的两要素[J]. 中学语数外， 2013（02）.
（作者单位：山东省平度一中）
1. 开门见山式
There are many ways of defining success. It is true that we have our own concept of success to extent that we answers for setting our goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because we possess unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments， it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
Question： What’s the best title？
A. How to achieve success. B. The definition of success.
C. How to get goals. D. The importance of goals.
大部分英语文章都是总分结构，因此抓住了首段也就找到了主旨大意或者题目，新闻报道之类的文章更是如此。从划线句子就找到关键词define和success。当然了，也有总分总结构，一般是首尾呼应，确定主题就简单了。
2.首尾呼应式
首段 Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work，others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying.But the donator who started sending envelopes with money to deserving causes， accompanied by an article from the local paper， has made a northern German city believe in fairytales.
结尾 Henning Noske said： “Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.” However， he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero， for fear that discovery may stop the donations.
Question： What is the best title？
A. Money Is Raised by the newspaper.
B.Newspaper Distributes Money to the Needy.
C.Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes.
从首段和结尾段我们可以找到 C项这个最佳题目。当然，有时候，整篇文章都没有给出总结性的句子，这就需要根据文章的写作意图来确定主旨。
在我们平时做的阅读理解中，我们还经常遇到这样的题目，答案中的干扰项正确，但仔细阅读你会发现它只是一个细节，不能概括全文，但学生在做题的过程中，往往会选上这样的选择项。
3. 细节代替主旨式
A new age is coming. Call it what you will： the service economy， the information age， the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work.
Question： Which can be the best title？
A. Communication and Knowledge Industry.
B. Service Industry in modern society.
C. Characteristics of the New Age.
选项中的communication， knowledge ， service 和 information technology都提到了，但都是细节，因此能够概括全文的是C项。
当然，只掌握方法而缺乏大量的练习是没有用的，在我们平时的教学中，善于给学生总结方法，然后辅之大量的练习，让学生在理论的指导下再去做题而不是盲目乱猜，效果会更加明显。
参考文献
[1] 张广兵，肖平. 影响英语阅读能力因素及对策[J]. 中学外语教与学， 2012（07）.
[2] 刘惠英. 中学英语阅读的两要素[J]. 中学语数外， 2013（02）.
（作者单位：山东省平度一中）