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目的了解初中生自杀倾向与离家出走行为现状和特点,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用自行设计的中学生健康相关行为问卷,对北京市三里屯中学初中生1344名进行问卷调查。结果13.5%的初中生在过去12个月连续2周以上感到非常伤心或绝望,不同性别学生报告率差异有统计学意义;16.8%的学生在过去12个月想过自杀,不同年级和不同性别报告率差异有统计学意义;5.9%的学生在过去12个月企图自杀;2.0%的学生在过去12个月有过自杀行为。以上4种行为在父母最高学历不同的学生之间差异均无统计学意义。23.3%的学生在过去12个月曾想过离家出走,不同年级和不同性别初中生报告率差异均有统计学意义。2.8%的学生在过去12个月曾离家出走,父亲最高学历不同的学生报告率差异有统计学意义。结论初中生自杀及离家出走的问题值得关注。应有针对性地进行干预,以预防和纠正危险行为的发生。
Objective To understand the current situation and characteristics of junior middle school students’ suicidal tendencies and departure from home and to provide basis for making interventions. Methods The self-designed questionnaire of health-related behavior of middle school students was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1344 middle school students in Sanlitun Middle School in Beijing. Results 13.5% of junior high school students were very sad or desperate for more than two weeks in the past 12 months. There were significant differences in reported rates among different sexes; 16.8% of students thought of suicide, different grades and different genders in the past 12 months There was a statistically significant difference in reporting rates; 5.9% of students attempted suicide in the past 12 months; 2.0% of students had committed suicide in the past 12 months. There was no significant difference in the above four behaviors among students with different parents’ highest education level. 23.3% of the students thought they had left their homes in the past 12 months, and there was significant difference in the reporting rate of junior high school students of different grades and genders. 2.8% of students had run away from home in the past 12 months, and the difference in the reported rate of their father with the highest education level was statistically significant. Conclusions The problems of junior high school students’ suicide and running away from home are noteworthy. Should be targeted to intervene in order to prevent and correct the occurrence of dangerous behaviors.