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针对粗铅冶炼生产过程中铅金属环境污染问题,应用元素流分析方法,建立了粗铅冶炼过程铅元素流分析框架.以液态高铅渣直接还原工艺为研究对象,通过监测和分析配料、底吹炉、还原炉、烟化炉等工序含铅样品数据及企业台账数据,对生产过程中铅元素流进行全过程识别和追踪分析.结果表明:粗铅冶炼系统铅元素平衡系数为98.61%,铅回收率为98.28%,但铅直收率仅为74.39%,与国内外先进水平相比,还有一定提升空间;单位粗铅产品烟尘、铅尘产生量分别为0.636和0.308 t/t;排放量最大的烟囱是还原炉-烟化炉烟囱,其次为岗位环保烟囱和底吹炉制酸烟囱,三者排放量分别占废气铅排放量的69.06%、25.81%、5.13%.针对粗铅冶炼生产过程中存在的问题,提出了优先提高铅直收率、降低烟尘率、减少无组织粉尘散逸、采用高效脱硫除尘协同防治技术等建议.
Aiming at the problem of lead pollution in crude lead smelting process, the elemental flow analysis method was used to establish a lead elemental flow analysis framework for crude lead smelting process.Direct reduction of liquid high lead slag was taken as the research object. By monitoring and analyzing the ingredients, The results showed that the lead content balance coefficient of crude lead smelting system was 98.61%, and the lead content in the lead smelting system was 98.61% , Lead recovery rate of 98.28%, but the lead recovery rate was only 74.39%, compared with the advanced level at home and abroad, there is still some room for improvement; unit lead soot, lead dust generated were 0.636 and 0.308 t / t ; The chimneys with the largest emissions were reduction furnaces - fuming furnace chimneys, followed by chimneys of environmental protection chimneys and bottom blown furnace acid chimneys, accounting for 69.06%, 25.81% and 5.13% respectively of the emissions of lead in exhaust gas. Lead smelting problems in the production process, put forward to give priority to improving the lead vertical yield, reduce the smoke and dust rate, reduce the dissipation of unorganized dust, the use of high efficiency desulfurization and dust prevention and control technology and other recommendations.