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2013年中国首次超越美国成为巴西石油第一大进口国。近两年来,美国加大页岩油气开发导致巴西石油对美出口锐减60%。自2008年以来,美国页岩油气产量提高了50%,仅2013年,产量增加了100万桶/天。预计2014年,美国页岩油气产量将达到850万桶/天,2015年将达到930万桶/天。因此,美国减少了对中东地区进口石油的依赖,而中国则成为全球最大石油进口国。同时,巴西石油出口到美国的金额从2011年的87亿美元降至2013年的34亿美元。2013年,巴西石油出口总额减少约40%。
For the first time in 2013, China surpassed the United States to become the largest importer of Brazilian petroleum. The past two years, the United States to increase shale oil and gas development led to Brazil’s oil exports to the United States dropped 60%. Since 2008, shale gas production in the United States has increased by 50%. In 2013 alone, the output increased by 1 million barrels / day. It is estimated that the shale oil and gas production in the United States will reach 8.5 million barrels / day in 2014 and 9.3 million barrels / day in 2015. As a result, the United States reduced its dependence on imported oil in the Middle East, while China became the world’s largest oil importer. Meanwhile, Brazilian oil exports to the United States dropped from $ 8.7 billion in 2011 to $ 3.4 billion in 2013. In 2013, Brazil’s total oil exports decreased by about 40%.