一人类社会发展早期,森林是人类栖息、繁衍之所和食物供给之源。人类文明伊始,森林被视为发展农牧及城市的障碍物而任意焚毁。尔后,文明和产业日兴,森林又被当作一种取之不尽用之不竭的自然资源而任意砍伐。其结果森林资源急剧减少,木材供应受到限制,人类赖以生存的自然环境也因森林遭到破坏而日趋恶化。人们开始注意研究森林及其作用,认识到森林是社会经济生活所不可缺少的,但又是有限的和再生的一种 In the early days of human development, forests were the source of human habitat, multiplication and food supply. At the very beginning of human civilization, forests were deemed as an obstacle to the development of farming, animal husbandry and cities and were arbitrarily destroyed. Later, as civilization and industry became more prosperous, the forests were arbitrarily cut down as an inexhaustible source of natural resources. As a result, the forest resources are drastically reduced and the timber supply is limited, and the natural environment upon which human beings depend is deteriorating due to the destruction of forests. People began to study forests and their role, recognizing that forests are indispensable to socio-economic life but are also a form of limited and regenerative