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为探索木薯最佳施肥及耕作栽培模式,大田试验研究了施肥与耕作技术集成对木薯生长、产量及经济效益的影响。试验设置5个处理:处理1(生物有机肥+测土配方肥+盖膜集雨水+深耕);处理2(生物有机肥+测土配方肥+盖膜集雨水);处理3(生物有机肥+测土配方肥+深耕);处理4(生物有机肥+测土配方肥);处理5以常规施肥及耕作方式为对照(施通用高浓度复合肥)。肥料施用量以所有处理均按N+P2O5+K2O总养分900 kg/hm2计;而盖膜集雨水的处理则在木薯种植行之间的畦面上覆盖农膜使雨水流入两边的木薯种植行内;深耕处理是将木薯种植行的沟深开至50~60 cm,而常规种植木薯种植行的沟深是30~40 cm。结果表明,与常规施肥及种植方式相比,不同施肥及耕作栽培技术综合集成处理均可促进木薯植株生长,处理1各构成要素指标均显著提高,木薯产量和净收益分别提高了35.81%和53.48%,增产增收效果显著。本试验条件下,以技术综合集成处理1(生物有机肥+测土配方肥+盖膜集雨水+深耕)为木薯最佳施肥及耕作栽培模式。
In order to explore the best fertilization and cultivation mode of cassava, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of fertilization and tillage technology on the growth, yield and economic benefits of cassava. The experiment set up 5 treatments: treatment 1 (bio-organic fertilizer + soil testing formula fertilizer + cover film rainwater harvesting + deep plowing); treatment 2 (biological organic fertilizer + soil testing formula fertilizer + cover film rainwater collection); treatment 3 (biological organic fertilizer + Soil testing formula fertilizer + deep plowing); treatment 4 (bio-organic fertilizer + soil testing formula fertilizer); and treatment 5 was conventional fertilization and tillage mode (applying high-concentration compound fertilizer). Fertilizer application rates were based on a total N + P2O5 + K2O total nutrient of 900 kg / hm2 for all treatments, while rainwater harvesting of capping film covered the cassava surface between cassava planting rows with cassava The plowing depth of the cassava planting line was 50-60 cm, while that of conventional planting cassava planting line was 30-40 cm. The results showed that compared with the conventional fertilization and planting methods, the integrated treatment of different fertilizations and cultivation techniques could promote the growth of cassava plants. The indexes of all the components of treatment 1 were significantly increased, the yield and net income of cassava increased by 35.81% and 53.48%, respectively %, A significant increase in production and income. Under the experimental conditions, the best integrated fertilization and cultivation and cultivation modes for cassava are integrated with technology 1 (bio-organic fertilizer + soil testing and fertilizer + capping rainwater harvesting + deep plowing).