根据ＦＡＯ统计 ,世界渔业的主体是海洋捕捞约占 85 % ,养殖业约占 1 5 %。由于世界及国内传统作业渔场渔业资源严重衰退 ,海洋捕捞由传统开发型转向养护管理型 ,传统捕捞品种以养护管理型为主 ,并逐渐由传统捕捞业向养殖增殖业转变。近二三十年快速发展的海水网箱养殖业 ,已成 According to FAO statistics, the main body of the world’s fisheries is about 85% of marine fishing, aquaculture accounts for about 15%. Due to the serious decline of fishery resources in the world and traditional fishing grounds, marine fishing has shifted from traditional development-oriented conservation and management to traditional conservation and management, and has gradually shifted from the traditional fishing industry to aquaculture. Nearly three decades of rapid development of seawater cage aquaculture, has become