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德国是世界上第一个建立社会医疗保险制度的国家,从1883年德国俾斯麦政府颁布《工人疾病保险法》至今,医疗保障制度经过多次改革,体系不断完善,从最初在部分地区的矿工实施逐步扩展到今天几乎是全民都享有医疗保障。主要由两大制度体系构成:一是法定保险,约90％的人口参保。二是私人保险,约8％人口参保。另外,约2％的人口,主要是公务员,由政府负责医疗保健服务。
Germany is the first country in the world to establish a social medical insurance system. Since the German Bismarck Administration promulgated the “Workers’ Disease Insurance Law” in 1883, the medical insurance system has undergone many reforms and the system has been continuously improved. From the initial implementation of miners in some areas, Extending to today almost all people enjoy medical security. Mainly by the two major institutional system: First, statutory insurance, about 90% of the population insured. Second, private insurance, about 8% of the population insured. In addition, about 2% of the population is mainly civil servants, with government responsible for health care services.