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粮食是一种特殊商品,关系国计民生,是生存之本。它的供给弹性大,需求弹性小,受自然风险和市场风险双重制约,粮食价格波动频繁。而价格是商品经济中最重要的经济范畴,粮价自然就成了百价之基,牵动了整个市场物价。它是我国粮食流通体制改革的核心,是涉及粮改成败的关键。在WTO框架下,粮食进口关税大幅度下调,外国粮食将大量涌进中国市场。我国政府对粮食价格及其形成机制必须做出相应的调整,才能应对来自世界市场的冲击,增强我国粮食在国际市场上的竞争力。
Food is a special commodity that is related to the national economy and the people’s livelihood and is the basis for subsistence. Its supply flexibility, demand elasticity is small, subject to natural and market risk dual constraints, frequent fluctuations in food prices. While the price is the most important economic category in the commodity economy, the price of grain has naturally become the basis of the price of hundred, affecting the entire market price. It is the core of the reform of the grain circulation system in our country and the key to the success or failure of the grain reform. Under the WTO framework, the tariffs on grain imports have dropped substantially, and foreign food will flood into the Chinese market. The government of our country must make corresponding adjustments to the grain prices and their formation mechanisms in order to cope with the impact from the world market and enhance the competitiveness of China’s grain in the international market.