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随着分子生物学技术的发展，一些全新的方法应用于根瘤菌分类，使根瘤菌分类的研究得到了迅速发展，从过去的传统分类过渡到了以遗传特征和系统发育为主要依据的现代系统分类。研究在参考大量文献的基础上，概述了全细胞可溶性蛋白电泳、多位点酶电泳、ＤＮＡＧ＋Ｃ摩尔百分含量测定及ＤＮＡ－ＤＮＡ杂交、限制性片段长度多态性分析、随机扩增ＤＮＡ片段的多态性、基因外回文重复序列ＰＣＲ扩增技术及１６ＳｒＤＮＡ序列分析确定根瘤菌系统发育等７种分子生物学方法的原理、特点，以及在根瘤菌分类研究中的应用现状和前景。
With the development of molecular biology technology, some new methods have been applied to the classification of rhizobia, the research of rhizobia classification has been rapidly developed, from the traditional classification to the modern system classification based on genetic characteristics and phylogeny . Based on a large number of literature references, the whole cell soluble protein electrophoresis, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, DNAG + C mole percentage determination and DNA-DNA hybridization, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, random amplification of DNA fragments The principle and characteristics of seven molecular biological methods to determine the phylogenetic relationship of Rhizobia were studied by using PCR amplification of 16SrDNA sequence and sequence analysis of polymorphisms. The current status and prospects of the application in the taxonomy of rhizobia were summarized.