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采用ELISA法研究了田间种植条件下转Bt基因玉米MON810生育期根际土壤及还田秸秆中Cry1Ab蛋白的田间残留降解动态,并分别用移动对数模型、指数模型和双指数模型对秸秆分解释放Cry1Ab蛋白的田间降解动态进行拟合,估算了DT50和DT90值.结果表明:Bt玉米不同生育期根际土壤中Cry1Ab蛋白含量差异较大,但总体随生育期的延长而显著降低.收获后地表覆盖和埋入土壤两种秸秆还田方式下,秸秆中Cry1Ab蛋白在土壤中的降解规律基本一致,均呈现前期大量快速降解,中后期极少量稳定降解两个阶段.秸秆还田7 d内,地表覆盖处理的Cry1Ab蛋白降解率均极显著高于埋入土壤处理;10 d时两处理的降解率基本一致,分别为88.8%和88.6%;20 d后,两处理秸秆中Cry1Ab蛋白的降解日趋缓慢;至180 d时仍能检测到少量的Cry1Ab蛋白.3种模型均能较好地反映秸秆中Cry1Ab蛋白的田间降解规律,从相关系数(R)及DT90值与实测值的吻合程度来看,双指数模型最优.
The field residual biodegradation dynamics of Cry1Ab protein in rhizosphere soil and field straw returning to transgenic Bt maize MON810 under field conditions were studied by ELISA. The decomposition and release of straw were studied by using the mobile logarithm model, the exponential model and the double exponential model respectively Cry1Ab protein in the field were estimated by the DT50 and DT90 values.The results showed that the contents of Cry1Ab protein in rhizosphere soil of Bt maize were significantly different at different growth stages but decreased significantly with the extension of growth period Under the conditions of straw mulch and straw mulching, the degradation of Cry1Ab in soil was basically the same, both of them showed a large amount of rapid degradation in the early stage and a very small amount of stable degradation in the late stage. The degradation rates of CrylAb protein in ground-covered straw were significantly higher than those in buried soil. The degradation rates of the two treatments were 88.8% and 88.6% at 10 days, respectively. After 20 days, And a small amount of Cry1Ab protein could still be detected till 180 days.All the three models could well reflect the field degradation rules of Cry1Ab protein in straw, and the correlation coefficients (R) and DT90 And the extent consistent with the measured value point of view, a double exponential model best.