目的 :为了促进药物代谢分型研究在临床上的深入。方法 :综述近几年具遗传多态性代谢酶的探针药物、代谢分型方法以及影响因素。介绍“Cocktail”分型法。比较代谢分型与基因分型两种分型方法。结果 :疾病、并用药物、探药剂量、样本处理方法、服药依从性是代谢分型的主要影响因素。结论 :药物代谢分型能指导临床安全合理有效地用药。基因分型与代谢分型各有优缺点 ,应灵活应用。“Cocktail”分型方法具有独特的优越性和发展前景。应大力开展在特殊群体中的代谢分型研究 Objective: In order to promote the study of drug metabolism in clinical practice. Methods: This review summarizes the probe drugs, metabolic typing methods and their influencing factors in recent years with genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes. Introducing “Cocktail” typing method. Comparison of metabolic typing and genotyping two types of methods. Results: The main influencing factors of metabolic typing were disease, drug use, drug discovery, sample handling and medication adherence. Conclusion: Metabolic typing can guide the clinical use of drugs safely and reasonably. Genotyping and metabolic typing have their own advantages and disadvantages, should be flexible application. “Cocktail” typing method has unique advantages and development prospects. Metabolic typing should be vigorously carried out in special groups