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Myocardial infarction (MI) mainly causes morbidity and mortality in heart patients.Approaches such as protein delivery and stem cell therapy were studied to treat cardiovascular diseases.Significance of resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) was verified for its robust regeneration potential.Novel attempts aimed to achieve medical unmet needs for the treatment of ischemic heart diseases were made by engrafting endogenous CSCs supported by 3-D mat-type polymeric scaffolds.Resident CSCs supported by 3-D PLLA mats potentially provided new modality to repair cardiac functions by efficient trans-epicardial delivery of CSCs to infarcted regions.Sustained VEGF release from mat additionally stimulated angiogenesis promoting cardiac function in rat model.The recent findings may lead to paradigm shift in myocardial repair.