【摘 要】
：
稻瘟病是水稻最严重的病害之一,与白叶枯和纹枯病一起被列为水稻三大主要病害.目前水稻中已克隆的抗稻瘟病基因大多数都为编码NBS-LRR类蛋白,且部分是复等位基因,这些基因多数具有小种特异性抗病性,而稻瘟病菌优势小种变异快,使其容易逃脱抗性基因的识别,导致抗性丧失,使这些抗性基因的应用受到限制.因此,寻找广谱持久的抗性资源及利用异源抗病基因是水稻抗稻瘟病研究的重要探索方向.从抗白粉病的拟南芥MS-0生
【机 构】
：
四川农业大学水稻所,成都611130 四川农业大学农学院,成都611130
【出 处】
：
中国植物病理学会2014年学术年会
论文部分内容阅读
稻瘟病是水稻最严重的病害之一,与白叶枯和纹枯病一起被列为水稻三大主要病害.目前水稻中已克隆的抗稻瘟病基因大多数都为编码NBS-LRR类蛋白,且部分是复等位基因,这些基因多数具有小种特异性抗病性,而稻瘟病菌优势小种变异快,使其容易逃脱抗性基因的识别,导致抗性丧失,使这些抗性基因的应用受到限制.因此,寻找广谱持久的抗性资源及利用异源抗病基因是水稻抗稻瘟病研究的重要探索方向.从抗白粉病的拟南芥MS-0生态型中克隆的广谱抗病基因位点RPW8包含两个紧密连锁的基因：RPW8.1和RPW8.2.当白粉菌侵入寄主时,RP W8.2被诱导表达,并锚定在吸器外质膜发挥其抗病效力.RPW8.1则是定位在叶绿体周围的组成型表达蛋白,在拟南芥中异位表达RPW8.1可增强对白粉菌、霜霉菌和丁香假单孢菌等多种不同病原菌的抗病性.用PAMP分子chitin处理可明显诱导RPW8.1上调表达且增强防御相关基因的表达,由于chitin是真菌细胞壁的组分,这个结果让我们设想RPW8.1可能具有对水稻稻瘟病的抗性.于是,通过构建稻瘟病菌侵染诱导性启动子表达RPW8.1的植物表达载体,导入水稻获得转基因植株,采用活体贴菌和离体喷菌鉴定稻瘟病抗性.结果发现,表达RPW8.1的水稻转基因植株上的病斑数量和大小均明显小于对照,也未观察到侵入菌丝的生长,同时相关防卫基因的表达量也显著增加,表明将RPW8.1导入水稻能增强水稻对稻瘟病的抗性.进一步的工作是拟通过差异转录组分析及互作蛋白筛选鉴定及功能研究明确在水稻中表达RPW8.1启动稻瘟病抗性的分子机理,为利用异源抗病基因提供依据.
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