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Agalwood is a traditional Chinese medicine.It was used for the treatment of insomnia etc.in traditional medical practice.In 1970s,it was found that the essential oil of agalwood has sedative effects in animal models.9 agarofuran derivative were isolated from agalwood essential oil.These chiral agarofurans and their derivatives were synthesized.AF-5,one of the synthetic agarofuran derivative was found to possess anti-anxiety activity on animal models.Its effect is comparable with diazepam,and buspiron.