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The generation of chimeric viruses,typically by replacing a gene sequence with the similar sequence from a related virus,has been a useful genetic tool in various virus systems to analyze infectivity,replication,and virulence factors.Chimeric viruses are commonly used to compare the functional properties of genes from one virus with the homologous genes from a related virus.Information gained from these types of studies includes defining mechanisms of viral replication and pathology.In addition,chimeric viruses containing altered and optimized capsid protein epitopes could be generated and used as a tool in viral vaccine development.