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Ascaris suum(A.suum)is of great public health importance and animal husbandry significance globally.MicroRNAs are about 22nt non-coding RNAs which are essential to the post-transcriptional regulation.The function of endogenous miRNA can be enhanced by the miRNA mimic while be declined by its inhibitors.In the present study,the mimics and inhibitors of asu-miR-36f were used to assess the influence of asu-miR-36f that was found only existed in the infective larvae stage 3(L3 stage)of A.suum.The expressions of two key target genes of asu-miR-36f,named as oligo saccharyl transferase 48kDa subunit beta(OST48)and cytochrome b were examined via qRT-PCR under the over-and/or down-regulation expression of asu-miR-36f.The results showed that there were significant differences of development and infective numbers of treated larvae than those of the control groups(p<0.05),but differences between mimics groups and control groups were not so obvious(p>0.05).The expression level of the two target genes closely responded to the treatment of mimics and/or inhibitors of asu-miR-36f.We then concluded that asu-miR-36f might be associated with infectivity of the infective larvae of A.suum.