Participation of women in LGP is very important to improve their condition as women are lagging behind in respect of education, employment and particularly in politics. It is expected that women’s greater participation in the decision-making process including politics from grass-root level may have positive influence on establishing their equal rights and enhancing their empowerment position. Expected results will come in this regard only when women will be able to express their needs, demands and expectations in the formulation of planning through participation in Local Government Politics (LGP). Keeping this context in mind, both the governments of China and Bangladesh have initiated steps to widen the scope for women for their participation in the development process. China has initiated a self-government system that provided the institutional foundation for male and female villagers’participation on rural governance. The Local Government (UP) act of Bangladesh has provided direct elections to reserved seats for women in local level elections. UP and Rural Township are the grass-root level local government institutions for Bangladesh and China accordingly. The strategy taken by both governments has brought women to the center of local development that ultimately developed new grass-roots level leadership. It’s time to focus on the pattern of women leadership as their leadership leads to women’s political empowerment. For this purpose, this study concentrates on identifying their socio-economic and political determinants at the grass-roots through comparative discussion between Bangladesh and China. For this study both primary and secondary sources of data have been applied. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches have been used to carry out the research. The findings have revealed that there are some similarities as well as differences among the women leaders of both countries. However, majority women leaders are come from well-to-do families, they have higher education compared to other women of their locality. Their annual self-income and household income is higher than average level. Most of them have some sort of connections with politics. For various reasons, they have joined in LGP, the most common reason is the job opportunity provided by government. The women leaders are concerned that they have less power and social status comparatively to the male members at LGP. To increase the status and the number of women at LGP, they suggested government to take more women friendly policy. At the same time, they gave importance on education and family support to encourage women in politics.