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目的:了解社区人群腹泻病基线发病水平、就诊情况和疾病负担等。方法:采用横断面研究方法,通过不同季节对抽样人群入户问卷调查,获得社区人群两周发病率及季节发病率,分析社区人群腹泻病基线发病情况、腹泻病发生的危险因素、居民就诊行为以及因腹泻造成的疾病负担等。结果:夏秋冬三个季节共调查萧山区社区人群15660人次,发生腹泻518人次,腹泻病两周发病率为16.16%,推算年发病率为42.12%。三个季节发病率以夏季为高,但差别无统计学意义(χ2=0.98,P>0.05)。40岁以上人群发病率最高,其次为0~19岁年龄组。腹泻病就诊率为34.07%,0~9岁年龄腹泻病人就诊率高于其他年龄组(2χ=11.58,P<0.05)。腹泻病人均医疗费用为62.19元,门诊人均就诊费用中位数为67.5元,未就诊主要采取的方式是自行服药,占71.00%。结论萧山区人群腹泻病年发病率为42.12%,中老年人群发病高于其他年龄组,腹泻病就诊率较低。
Objectives: To understand the baseline incidence of diarrhea in community groups, treatment and disease burden. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the two-week morbidity and seasonal morbidity of diarrheal patients in community through the questionnaire survey of sampling households in different seasons. The risk factors of diarrheal diseases, residents’ visiting behavior As well as the burden of disease caused by diarrhea. Results: A total of 15660 people were surveyed in Xiaoshan district in the three seasons, with 518 diarrhea episodes. The incidence rate of diarrhea in two weeks was 16.16% and the annual incidence was estimated to be 42.12%. The incidence of three seasons in summer was high, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.98, P> 0.05). The highest incidence of people over the age of 40, followed by 0 to 19 age group. The rate of visiting diarrhea was 34.07%. The rate of visiting diarrhea patients aged 0-9 was higher than other age groups (2χ = 11.58, P <0.05). The average medical cost of diarrhea patients was 62.19 yuan, and the median per capita visiting doctor’s rate was 67.5 yuan. The main method of treatment was to take 71.00% of the medicine without taking the medicine. Conclusion The incidence of diarrhea in Xiaoshan District was 42.12%. The incidence of diarrhea was higher in middle-aged and elderly people than in other age groups.